The Department of Veterinary Physiology was established in the year 1958, with the inception of Nagpur Veterinary College (NVC), Nagpur. The college was under the direct administrative and financial control of the Department of Animal Husbandry and was affiliated to Nagpur University for academic purpose. After the formation of Agricultural University in 1969, this college was transferred first to Maharashtra Agricultural University, Rahuri and then to Punjabrao Krihi Vidyapeeth, Akola in 1970 as a constituent college of the Agriculture University with the administrative, financial and academic control of the University. With the formation of Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, this college has been transferred to this new University on July 2, 2001.

The department was initially started in a small barrack in the premises of Government Veterinary Hospital near Maharaj Bagh, Nagpur. In the year 1962, the college was shifted to the old university building at Seminary Hills, Nagpur and subsequently to the new college building at present location in the year 1968. The undergraduate teaching program, Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (B.V.Sc. & A.H.) in the department was initiated in 1958 followed by postgraduate teaching program, Masters in Veterinary Science (M.V.Sc.) in the year 1979.